The buzuq (Arabic: بزق; also transliterated bozuq, bouzouk, buzuk etc.) is a long-necked fretted lute related to the Greek bouzouki and Turkish saz. It is an essential instrument in the Rahbani repertoire, but it is not classified among the classical instruments of Arab or Turkish music. However, this instrument may be looked upon as a larger and deeper-toned relative of the saz, to which it could be compared in the same way as the viola to the violin in Western music. Before the Rahbanis popularized the use of this instrument, the buzuq had been associated with the music of Lebanon and Syria.
Unlike the short-necked unfretted oud, the buzuq has a longer neck, smaller body and frets tied to the neck, which can be moved to produce the microtonal intervals used in the many maqamat (musical modes). Typically, it is furnished with two courses of metal strings which are played with a plectrum, offering a metallic yet lyrical resonance. Some instruments have three courses and up to seven strings total.
The name of the instrument may come from Turkish bozuk (broken or disorderly), it refers to Bozuk düzen bağlama, a tuning of Turkish baglama. Another theory on the origin of the name is that it comes from the Persian expression tanbur e bozorg, meaning a large tanbur style lute.
البُزُق (او الغلما) هي آلة موسيقية وترية خشبية تشبه العود ذات عنق طويل وجسم أصغر من العود. وكانت تسمى عند العرب قديما باسم “الطنبور”. آلة البزق شبيهة بالساز التركي والبوزوكي اليوناني لكنها تختلف عنهم. تعتبر آلة البزق إحدى الآلات الموسيقية الرئيسية التي ركز الأخوان رحباني استخدامهما عليها. آلة البزق لا تعتبر آلة تقليدية في الموسيقى العربية أو الموسيقى التركية لكنها تدخل ضمن آلات الموسيقى الكوردستانية في سورية ولبنان من أهم أعلامها الموسيقار علي معلا الدركشلي وأيضاً العازف السوري يعرب جبيل.
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